to作为介词的情况（to作介词后跟什么）

1、表示运动、行动或说明运动的朝向情况。它可指达到或想达到的人、地、物。也可指没有达到或者没有完全达到的人、地、物。

1）动作本身有方向性，因而与“to”后所接的地点、人、物构成指向与被指向的关系。

如：drive to the city(开车到城市去)

Low to an acquaintance(向认识的人点头)

run to his mother(跑到他母亲那里去)

2）虽然to前是名词但该名词也含有方向性。

如：on the why to the station(在去车站的路上)

a trip to the moon(到月球旅行)

3）动词虽然无方向性，但此动作与“to”后面的目的也构成“朝向”关系。

如：ware a new hat to the party(戴新帽子去参加聚会)

4）Be+(adj)+to表示主语的去向

如：A boat is to the dock now(船现在到码头了)

2、表示临时停的地或物

如：He has been to his uncle's house once.(到他叔叔家去过一次)

3、表示方向事物所处的位置

如：The shed is to the side of the house.(小棚屋在房子的一侧)

a tendency to sillness(一种傻头傻脑的趋势)

4、表示接触或邻近，相当于on、upon、against，但较他们更生动，含有某种动态。

如：His mother standing with her hands to her eyes.(...用手蒙在眼上)

在这种用法中，有时“to”前后的词一致，此时词前后无需冠词，表示动作进行时的状态。

5、表示范围所能达到的。

1）用在本身具有伸展性或有回旋余地的动词后

如：The garden extend to the river bank(花园延到河边)

2）用在具有漫长扩张性的形容词之后

如：wet/drench to the skin(浑身湿透)

to作介词时的用法：

如果这个带to 的短语后可以跟名词， 那么to就是介词。

listen to music： to就是介词，但是listen to 不跟动词。

be used to 习惯于 ：可以跟be used to the life 习惯于生活，生活是名词。to是介词。所以be used to 后面动词的话，就跟动名词doing

而 be happy to do 后面只会跟动词，不会跟名词。 to是不定式。

to是介词， 要跟名词或doing的短语有：

be/get used to习惯于

make a contribution to 为...做贡献

look forward to 期盼 hold on to 坚持

to的用法:

一：表示相对，针对

be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to

Air is indispensable to life.

Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.

This injection will make you immune to infection.

二：表示对比，比较

1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior

The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.

2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous

A is similar to B in many ways.

3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词。

4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to

compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:

World is usually compared to a stage

Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.

Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介 词to就要改成rather than ,如:

The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.

Many people prefer spending money to earning money.

They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as housewives.

5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative

Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.

三: 表示修饰关系

1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:

answer to question,

solution to problem,response to inquiry,

reaction to proposal,

reply to letter

2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如:

entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path

the approach to a bridge引桥

the approach to science

Half of the population was estimated to have no accessto the health service.

The accessto education 接受教育的机会

The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利

3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to

throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress

advisorto the Prime Minister

4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:

right,admission

The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.

Everyone has an equal right to ……..

5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress

6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.

7: 表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:

The director proposed a toastto the health of the guests.

Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business

8: 另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party, guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school

四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste

（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to

Investigate all the facts related to the problem.

People often linked walth to happiness.

（二）：表示反对和赞同。

1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be

resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to

These buildings are resistant to earthquake.

They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.

2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,

The employer consented to give him a salary raise.

表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to, adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit

to,correspond to,cater to

She tried to habituate herself to the styleof plain living.

Your action should conform to the interests of the people.

They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.

His words doesn’t fit to his actions.

Suit your writing styleto the masses.

3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to.

The minority is subordinate to the majority

少数服从多数

Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.

He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.

We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.

五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:

tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to

He’s liable to seasickness.

You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.

六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to

He still holds on to his original views.

七: 表示约束,局限,如:

limit to,confine to,resrict to

He’s confined to the houseby illness.

He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.

八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:

get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to

Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.

九: 表示起因和原由,如:

owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to

The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.

The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.

十: 表示目的或结果,如:

aim to,lead to,give rise to

I aim to be an excellent college teacher.

His conceit lead to his failure.

These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises

十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,

All military adventures by the two super powersare doomed to fail.

十二: 表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to

In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.

The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.

十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:

be addicted to,

contribute to,

devote to,

commit to

十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to 盼望，展望）/date back to （回顾）

The church dates back to the 13th century.

十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to

I don’t like wool next to my skin.

十六: 表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,

He usually appeals to arms to settle the territory dispute.

十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to

十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,

We should attach primary importance to job training.

十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to

According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.

The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to heir economic importance.

二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:

It’s time to get up.

We are supposed to get here at seven.

It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.

常用词组：

respond to（反应）,

appeal to（吸引）,

catch on to（理解）,

listento （收听）,

used to（过去常常）,

give birth to,attend to（照料）,

see to（负责）,

be entitled to（有权）,

belong to（属于）,

come to（苏醒）,

stand up to（勇敢面对）,

help oneself to（请自便）,

refer to,to the point（切题）,

Train them to stand up to any severe test in hard.

The ticket entitled you to a free meal in the luxury hotel.

See to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim.

You will catch on to the job shortly after wards.

People usually refer to television for up-to-the-minute news.

△英语介词to的用法：

①向，朝，往，对着（某方向或某处）：

I walked to the office.我朝办公室走去。

②位于…方向 ：There are mountains to the north.北面有山。

③到，达（某处）：

Her hair fell to her waist.她的长发一直垂到腰部。

④到，达（某种状态）

He tore the letter to pieces.他把信撕碎了。

⑤（表示范围或一段时间的结尾或界限）到，至

We only work from Monday to Friday.

我们仅从星期一工作到星期五。

⑥在…开始之前；离；差

How long is it to lunch?

离吃午饭还有多久？

△to作为介词使用的固定短语有：

pay attention to doing sth.关注做某事

look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事

admit to doing sth.承认做了某事

apply to doing sth.适用于做某事

object to doing sth.反对做某事

stick to doing sth.坚持做某事

take to doing sth.喜欢上做某事,逐渐习惯做某事

apply oneself to doing sth.专心致力于做某事

devote oneself to doing sth.献身于做某事